The long-term effect of renewable electricity on employment in the United Kingdom

Authors: Arvanitopoulos, T. and P. Agnolucci

Published in:  Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Volume 134, December 2020, 110322 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110322

Date Published: 29 September 2020

Abstract: 

Assessment of the employment impact of renewable electricity technologies is generally implemented through either complex and data-intensive methods (such as Computable General Equilibrium models) or simplistic approaches, normally focused on specific energy generation technologies, such as employment factors. In contrast, this article proposes a transparent and easily reproducible econometric methodology based on the Vector Error Correction model that uses aggregated and widely available data. The model is applied to the power generation sector in the United Kingdom using annual data from 1990 onwards and provides evidence that the long-term employment impact of renewable technologies is much higher than the impact arising from deploying nuclear or natural gas technologies. The impulse response function analysis indicates that a permanent 1 Gigawatt-hours increase in annual electricity supply generated by renewable technologies creates 3.5 jobs in the long-term period. Finally, this study derives the implications of the findings in the context of decarbonisation scenarios for the power sector in the United Kingdom and assesses the extent to which decarbonisation pathways based on renewable electricity contribute to stimulating employment in the generation sector.

Keywords: Employment effect; Electricity supply; Renewable electricity; Cointegration; Impulse responses; Decarbonisation scenarios

Insights for EnergyREV:

Investment in renewable energy technologies can generate substantial positive long-term employment impact in the UK over the next 10 years.