User Behaviour and Preferences
Why are user behaviour and preferences important for Smart Local Energy Systems?
This research aimed to broaden knowledge and understanding of user engagement in Smart Local Energy Systems (SLES). Our research increased understanding of which users are involved, and how they are involved over time, within specific case study projects. This is critical since the success of smart local energy projects will depend, in part, on how well stakeholders are able to involve different kinds of users in the take-up of new, and probably unfamiliar, energy technologies and services in local places. Insights into the effectiveness of different methods of engagement, and how engagement is affected by response to external circumstances (e.g. COVID-19) are designed to support sustainable, smarter, more integrated local energy systems.
How did EnergyREV address these issues?
We followed specific UK case study demonstrators over time to investigate how user engagement changed and evolved in response to external events, pressures and learnings such as COVID-19. This involved conducting workshops and in-depth interviews with stakeholder representatives from specific projects and repeating these over time.
We also conducted a large-scale national survey of public perceptions of SLES.
Both of these strands of research were designed to help answer the following questions:
- What methods are used by stakeholders to engage local people in smart energy projects?
- How successful are these methods at involving local people over time?
- What does ‘success’ mean in terms of engagement from the perspectives of different stakeholders and of local residents?
- What is the broader appetite in society for a shift to a more localised and smart energy system in the UK?
- Which institutions (e.g. councils, community groups, local businesses) are trusted by the public to lead local energy projects?
Our work involved:
- Reviewing academic and non-academic literature
- Designing and running interviews and workshops with local energy stakeholders to investigate who they are engaging with, how they are engaging and whether this changes over time
- Designing and running a nationally representative survey to provide original data on public perceptions of smart local energy systems
- Using qualitative software and statistical tools for data analysis
What did EnergyREV learn?
Local boundaries of smart energy projects are elastic and vary significantly across case study projects. What they have in common is a pragmatic flexibility to broaden ‘where’ local energy takes place and by extension ‘who’ is involved, as required to meet project goals.
Methods of engagement vary significantly across smart local energy case study projects. While some projects concentrate on one-way communication, others foreground more creative and two-way approaches to user engagement. We investigated why this diversity exists, and explored how it relates back to the organisations involved in project teams.
The COVID-19 pandemic had significant impacts on how user engagement takes place across smart local energy case studies. It has had multiple consequences, enabling certain types of virtual user engagement but also limiting in-person exchanges. We investigated what consequences this might have had to engagement practices inthe past and to engagement strategies moving forward.
Public perceptions of a shift towards more localised energy systems are very positive. There is majority support for local institutions to play a stronger role in energy supply. There is also uncertainty around specific, less familiar aspects of ‘smart’ energy technologies and services (e.g. vehicle to grid). We investigated the preferences and beliefs of different social groups towards these specific aspects.
The team
Theme Lead: Patrick Devine-Wright
Co-Investigators: Jillian Anable; Rajat Gupta; Melanie Rohse; Charlie Wilson; and Rebecca Ford
Researchers: Sahar Zahiri; Luke Gooding; and Iain Soutar
Outputs
2022
Briefing - What does ‘local’ mean in emerging UK smart local energy systems? (February 2022)
2021
Journal Paper - What is ‘local’ about Smart Local Energy Systems? Emerging stakeholder geographies of decentralised energy in the United Kingdom (October 2021)
2020
Journal Paper - Pattern-IT: A method for mapping stakeholder engagement with complex systems (July 2020)
2019
Journal Paper - Community versus local energy in a context of climate emergency (September 2019)
